According to researchers, meltdowns are “more intense, protracted and potentially physically and emotionally dangerous to both the child and parents” when compared to tantrums. They usually occur because an individual with autism is scared, surprised, or otherwise overwhelmed by their situation or surroundings. They are not calculated, and the individual experiencing a meltdown cannot control their behavior in the moment. Meltdowns are comparable to panic attacks. For example, a child may throw a tantrum because their parent refuses to buy them ice cream, in hopes that the parent will give in and get them what they want. Children throwing tantrums may do so because they know it will get a reaction or a perceived result. Tantrums can be viewed as outbursts related to a lack of emotional control on the part of children. It is important to distinguish between tantrums and autism meltdowns. Having a plan can help parents calm the child should they become overwhelmed, and give the child and other loved ones ways to adapt and cope in the moment. This involves working together to create unique behavioral plans and strategies. Parents should prepare their children for unfamiliar environments and demands as best they can. To address meltdowns, parents and caregivers must understand their root causes, how they differ from tantrums, and how to act within the moment to help their child. However, experts note that “the state of panic and acute anxiety that drives meltdown behavior can still cause profound difficulty for adults.” Autism meltdowns are most common in children and younger people with autism. During a meltdown, a person may scream, cry, and become physically aggressive toward themselves or those around them. Some individuals with autism experience emotional and physical “meltdowns” in response to feeling overwhelmed by sensory or mental stimulation.
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